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UPM Lappeenranta Biorefinery

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Nombre / Name UPM Lappeenranta Biorefinery Empresa / Company UPM Biofuels  ( www.upmbiofuels.com ) Localización / Location Lappeenranta (Finland) Categoría / Category Comercial / Commercial Estado / Status Operación / Running Plataforma / Platform Aceites /  Oil Materia prima / Feedstock Tall oil Producto / Product Biodiésel  / Biodiesel Puesta en marcha / Start-Up Enero 2015  / January 2015 Figure 1. UPM Lappeenranta Biorefinery (extracted from UPM Biofuels webpage) La primera biorrefinería del mundo que produce biodiesel a partir de residuos forestales inició su funcionamiento comercial en enero de 2015. La instalación está localizada en el mismo enclave que la planta papelera Kaukas de UPM en las orillas del lago Saimaa en Lappeenranta al sudeste de Finlandia. La capacidad de la planta es de 100.000 de toneladas al año y emplea a un...
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Levulinic acid biorefineries

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Publication date: 16/11/2015 Last update: 20/02/2016 Description 1,2 Levulinic acid (also known as 4-oxopentanoic acid or γ-ketovaleric acid) is an organic compound with chemical formula C 5 H 8 O 3 . It is a white crystalline solid soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It contains ketone and a carboxylic group whose presence results in interesting reactivity patterns. It is one of the more recognized Biobased Chemical Building Blocks , a starting material for a wide number of compounds (see Applications below). In fact, it was recognized by the US DoE as one of the top biobased platform chemicals of the future and it can successfully address many performance-related issues attributed to petroleum-based chemicals and materials. Process technologies 1,3,4,5 The controlled degradation of C6-sugars by acids is the most widely used approach to prepare levulinic acid from lignocellulosic biomass. Other methods have also been studied, for instance, the hydroly...
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Venice Biorefinery

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Nombre / Name Venice Biorefinery Empresa / Company eni ( www.eni.com ) Localización / Location Porto Marghera, Venice (Italy) Categoría / Category Comercial / Commercial Estado / Status Operación / Running Plataformas / Platforms Aceites /  Oil Materia prima / Feedstock Aceites vegetales, grasas de origen animal y aceites de cocina usados / Vegetable oils, animal fats and used cooking oils Producto / Product Aceite Vegetal Hidrotratado / Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) Puesta en marcha / Start-Up Junio 2014 / June 2014 Figure 1. Venice Biorefinery (extracted from Reference 3) El Proyecto Green Refinery (un programa de innovación de eni) tiene como objetivo transformar refinerías existentes en biorrefinerías mediante el uso de la tecnología Ecofining TM y la refinería de Venecia es el primer...
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Biorefinery platforms – Sugars

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Versión en Español BIOREFINERY PLATFORMS Concept - The sugar platform is defined as any combination of C5 (5 carbon atoms; xylose, pentose and ribose are the most common pentose sugars), C6 (6 carbon atoms; glucose, fructose and galactose are the most common hexose sugars) and/or C12 sugars (molecules containing two hexose sugar units) that exists within a pathway from biomass feedstock towards final biobased products. - These simple sugars are reactive molecules that can be converted biologically or chemically into fuels, chemicals, materials. food and animal feed. - Larger molecules such as oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are not included within the sugar platform. - The traditional processes are based on utilizing sucrose (composed of glucose and fructose) derived from sugar crops (sugar beet or sugar cane) or glucose obtained after hydrolysis of starch (founded in wheat, corn barley, rye, triticale…). - In advanced biorefineries, utilizing lignocellulosic biomass as feedst...
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Biorefinery platforms – Starch

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Versión en Español BIOREFINERY PLATFORMS Concept - Starch serves the plants as a reserve food supply. It is manufactured from excess glucose produced during photosynthesis. It is found in maize, wheat, potato, rice, barley and many other plants. - Starch is a complex polysaccharide made up of a large number of glucose units joined together by glycosidic bonds. The basic chemical formula of the starch molecule is (C6H10O5)n. It consists of two types of molecules: the linear amylose (20-25% by weight) and the branched amylopectin (75-80% by weight). - Pure starch is a soft, white, tasteless and odourless powder that is insoluble in cold water or alcohol. - The starch industry extracts and refines starches from seeds, roots and tubers, by wet grinding, washing, sieving and drying. After harvesting, feedstocks are cleaned and grinded into pulp. The starch slurry and juice are then separated. The juice is further processed to produce proteins and concentrated fruit juice. Starch slurry is...
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